Resilient Control & Instrumentation Systems

Solutions for today’s energy security needs, vision for tomorrow’s next generation designs

Resilient Control & Instrumentation Systems (ReCIS) research is centered on developing components, programs, systems, and individuals for any application that requires monitoring, control, and human interaction. External peer review and advisory committees made up of academic, R&D, and customer organizations provide independent and ongoing review of the strategy.

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Researchers

Brew with the crew

Brew with the Crew

In this informal forum, people are not required to provide a documented presentation, but instead to share the nature of their research and interests and to possibly include some interesting stories along the way.

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Resilience Week

Since 2008, Resilience Week has provided an opportunity for stakeholders to understand the state of research in cyber and physical security for critical infrastructure in all 16 critical infrastructure sectors. This year, the following plenary and keynote speakers will present their perspectives on the multidisciplinary challenges associated with resilience:

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Grand Challenge

Grand Challenge in Resilient Control Systems

There is a preeminent objective of corporate and government organizations for a comprehensive understanding of the security and safety of critical infrastructure, or state awareness. Enabled by this paradigm shift is the move from reactive to proactive control of plants, and mechanisms by which the evaluation and verification of designs is considered from design through implementation, resilient control systems.

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Research Areas

ReCIS hosts a multidisciplinary team of more than 50 scientists and engineers who specialize in three technology areas

Control System Cyber Resilience

Specialized sensors and sensing systems that are designed to monitor critical infrastructure and withstand demanding environments such as next-generation nuclear power plants and harsh environments for non-nuclear applications.

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Intelligent Automation

On-line condition monitoring and prognostics, observational platform design, and advanced supervisory and predictive controls for reliable, efficient and safe operation of industrial and nuclear facilities.

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Human Systems

Research to advance human-centered design and operation of complex systems, considering the human interaction with the process in its various forms, including visual, audible and touch.

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Facilities

ReCIS has a range of research facilities and test beds dedicated to sensors, control and intelligent systems research.

Human Systems Simulation Laboratory

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System Integration Laboratory

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Resilient Control Systems Laboratory

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Projects

Role-based, Cyber-Physical State and Context Awareness

Dynamic visualizations change how the data is represented in real time which allows users to quickly understand where changes in the system are happening, the priorities of response, the root cyber or physical cause and potential for larger, potentially cascading failures. Dynamic data visualization allows for visual representations of data that can be altered as the represented data changes. This can allow for quick and intuitive understanding of changes in the system as size, color, length, etc., is altered devices can be connected to and communicate with each other over a network. This can allow for an efficient peer-to-peer resource sharing system to be implemented across the system. Resource sharing adds an additional layer to visualization by allowing local visual implementations to change dynamically based on global data as well.

Adaptive and Agile Resilience Control Architectures

The basis of resilient threat-resilient information networks requires consideration of all threats and measures by which we determine proper operation. These measures, which can be categorized as cyber and physical security, process efficiency and stability, and process compliance, provided the operating requirements that are monitored for situational awareness and definition of the power grid or process state. Traditional concepts of redundancy, diversity, and defense in depth that were once only considered for reliability can be broadened for application to all measures. New concepts that research the human system responses, both benevolent operator and malicious actor interactions, as well as the complex interdependencies of distributed information networks require consideration. The move from reactive to proactive control of plants and mechanisms by which the evaluation and verification of designs is considered all the way from design through implementation stages of resilient information networks is enabled by this paradigm shift.

Infrastructure Trustworthiness Assessment & Proactive Control

Untrustworthy data can lead to poor automated system control, difficulty in decision making, and frustrating end-user experiences as a minimum, but with nation state attacks, cascading outages and wide scale loss of infrastructures. This data is very often very large in scale and comes from heterogeneous sources. Moreover, information technology (IT) and operation technology (OT) operators who now find themselves responsible for cybersecurity come from a variety of backgrounds, differing decision support requirements, and knowledge capabilities. To effectively abstract the complexity of cybersecurity and simultaneously address the variety of roles, knowledge, and need, a design is needed that performs much of the required analysis for the user and presents only relevant information in a consistent way.

Intelligent Cyber Detection & Feedback Mechanisms

Traditional protections offered by intrusion detection devices are dependent on known signatures. Any “lockdown” of these devices can lead to performance effects on the automation system, as well as the production of many false positives for network security engineers to evaluate. The cyber challenge is to provide a resilient cyber feedback system that can be quickly implemented and provide diverse techniques for cyber recognition that can be analyzed based on individual networks. This system must be lightweight in its performance requirements and proactive in design, using analytics to advance modification of the automation network protections faster than the attacker can respond

Intelligent Automation

We are designing and developing predictive and advanced automation mechanisms in existing test facilities, whose concepts will be applied to next generation hybrid energy production designs. Intelligent automation research can lead to methods that couple multiple processes to ensure the safest and most efficient production.

System Integration Laboratory

A combination of connected assets that can be reconfigured to research specific topics related to technology grid-integration and hybridization. The constituents of SIL include several lab environments operated to assess several technology-specific questions. A few of the assets include low and high power electric vehicle service equipment, a microgrid with multiple generation and electrical storage assets, high temperature electrolyzers, and thermal loops capable of emulating the heat profiles from thermal power plants. These technologies are integrated through digital real time simulators and grid emulators to enable hardware testing during emulated normal and off-normal grid conditions.

Microgrids and Backup Power Systems

Dynamic Energy Transport and Integration Laboratory

Power and Energy Real-Time Laboratory

Advanced Transportation

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Control System Cyber Resilience

As instrumentation and control systems become more complex, so does the relationship between human operator and the system. Resilience finds its basis in the understanding and predicting of human behavior. INL researchers have long studied this issue and continue to examine ways to improve safety and security by producing better, more user-friendly designs. A reconfigurable control room test bed allows researcher to test performance and implement the latest in sensory and visualization design based on state of the art process simulation.

Control System Security research and development covers a spectrum of monitoring and resilience technologies that provide additional cyber awareness of attack and resilient design mitigations to defend against compromise. Teams of control and security researchers form multidisciplinary teams to develop tools, perform assessments and training, and develop cutting edge products. This research complements the development efforts of programs that include the Industrial Control System Computer Emergency Readiness Team (ICS-CERT), funded by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

Cyber Awareness and Resilient Design

Because of the human element of a malicious actor, traditional methods of achieving reliability cannot be used to characterize cyber awareness and resilient design. Dynamic mechanisms of probabilistic risk analysis that can link human reliability with the system state are still maturing. The intellectual level and background of the adversary makes stochastic methods unusable due to the variability of both the objective and the motives. In addition, the strength of the adversary is increased because the existing control system architecture is not random, and response characteristics are reproducible. Therefore, a resilient design can find strength in similar fashion by becoming atypical of normal control system architectural design, and appearing random in response and characteristics to the adversary.

The R&D focus is on technologies to advance the state of the art within the area of cyber resilience, which requires a necessary paradigm shift to address the evolving threat. For cyber awareness, these include diverse, multilayered and potentially out-of-band indicators of cyber threat across the control system architecture. In addition, physical indicators of cyber compromise provide a well-understood baseline for operation. Holistically, these diverse indicators provide a trustworthy basis for quick identification and response by the human, providing more fidelity and less false positives in interpretation of cyber threat. In addition, they provide basis for more autonomous action by active defenses that include moving target design. Active recognition coupled with modification and obfuscation of the environment provides resilience to attack.

Resilient Control Systems Laboratory

The resilient control systems (RCS) hardware-in-the-loop laboratory at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) hosts inter-organizational cognitive, cyber-physical systems research area pioneered by INL, which includes technologies sponsored through Department of Energy (DOE), Department of Defense (DOD), and Department of Homeland Security (DHS) programs. The test bed provides a real world environment, segmented by project, to demonstrate the measurable benefit achieved with these new technologies over current state-of-the-art. Test procedures validate a quantitative means to demonstrate the value proposition for prospective customers. The test bed includes high fidelity emulators, in addition to numerous control system hardware and software implementations, to provide bench to lab scale piloting before applying to full scale infrastructure applications.

Human Systems Integration

As instrumentation and control systems become more complex, so does the relationship between human operator and the system. Resilience finds its basis in the understanding and predicting of human behavior. INL researchers have long studied this issue and continue to examine ways to improve safety and security by producing better, more user-friendly designs. A reconfigurable control room test bed allows researcher to test performance and implement the latest in sensory and visualization design based on state of the art process simulation.

Human Factors, Controls and Statistics

The Human Factors, Controls and Statistics Department is an international leader in the application of scientific methods, techniques and tools to address the performance and operational challenges of mission-critical industries. The Department employs specialized methods and state-of-the-art data analysis and modeling tools to support diverse customers in mission-critical industries to improve their decision-making, operational performance, evaluation of technology options, reliability of humans and systems, and reduction of error.

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Human System Simulation Laboratory (HSSL)

Human performance is the central theme in the research done in the HSSL. INL human factors researchers have extensive knowledge and experience of human performance in nuclear power operations and apply a wide range of human factors principles, methods and tools in solving practical and emerging problems in the energy sector. A large part of the HSSL is devoted to the study of human performance in a near-realistic operational context.

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Publications & Patents

Display	Type	Year	Authors	Title	Information	Actual Link
ShowResources	Book	2022	C. Rieger, R. Boring, B. Johnson, T. McJunkin	Resilient Control Architectures and Power Systems	IEEE Press Series on Power and Energy Systems	https://www.amazon.com/Resilient-Control-Architectures-Systems-Energy/dp/1119660416
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2022	R. Mohammad, T. Mosier, T. Feinberg, T. McJunkin, L. Toba, L. Boire, L. Rodriguez-Garcia, M. Majidi, M. Parvania	Integrated water-power system resiliency quantification, challenge and opportunity	Energy Strategy Reviews, Volume 39, Jannuary 2022, 100796	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211467X21001796
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2021	R. Fisher, C. Porod, S. Peterson	"Motivating Employees and Organizations to Adopt a Cybersecurity-Focused Culture"	Journal of Organizational Psychology Vol. 21(1) 2021	https://www.articlegateway.com/index.php/JOP/article/view/4030/3834
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2020	R. Fisher, J. Wood, C. Porod, L. Greco	"Evaluating cyber risk reporting in US financial reports"	Cyber Security: A Peer-Reviewed Journal	https://hstalks.com/article/5407/evaluating-cyber-risk-reporting-in-us-financial-re/?business
ShowResources		2020	R. Fisher	"The Challenges of Cyber-Physical System Security"	govCIO Outlook	https://critical-infrastructure-protection.govciooutlook.com/cxoinsights/the-challenges-of-cyberphysical-system-security-nid-1111.html
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2018	A. Fekete, R. Fiedrich	"Urban Disaster Resilience and Security"	The Urban Book Series	https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319686059
ShowResources		2018	K. Hemsley, R. Fisher	History of Industrial Control System Cyber Incidents		https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1505628
ShowResources		2018	R. Edsall, H. Hembree	Novel capabilities for examining and summarizing hierarchical and geographic resiliency profiles		https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sites/sti/sti/Sort_808.pdf
ShowResources		2018	R. Fisher, M. Norman, J. Peerenboom	Resilience History and Focus in the United States (January 2018)		https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1476740
ShowResources		2018	B. Vaagensmith, T. McJunkin, K. Vedros, J. Reeves, J. Wayment, L. Boire, C. Rieger, J. Case	An Integrated Approach to Improving Power Grid Reliability: Merging of Probabilistic Risk Assessment with Resilience Metrics		https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8473500/authors#authors
ShowResources		2017	R. Edsall, H. Hembree	Preparing the Next Cyber-Resilient Workforce through Cross-pollination Education		https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1478533
ShowResources		2017	R. Anderson, J. Benjamin, V. Wright, L. Quinones, J. Paz	Cyber-Informed Engineering		https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1369373
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2017	R. Fisher, M. Norman, M. Klett	"Enhancing infrastructure resilience through business continuity planning"	Journal of Business Continuity & Emergency Planning, Volume 11, Issue 2	https://hstalks.com/article/744/enhancing-infrastructure-resilience-through-busine/
ShowResources		2016		Strategies, Protections, and Mitigations for the Electric Grid from Electromagnetic Pulse Effects		https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sites/STI/STI/INL-EXT-15-35582.pdf#search=Critical%20infrastructure%23s%3D11
ShowResources		2016	Emilee Harris	Success in Industrial Control System Cyber Security Training		https://cip.gmu.edu/2016/01/12/success-in-industrial-control-system-cyber-security-training/
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2015	K. Davis, D. Knudson, J. Rempe, J. Crepeau, S. Solstad,	"Design and Laboratory Evaluation of Future Elongation and Diameter Measurements at the Advanced Test Reactor,"	Nuclear Technology, Vol. 191, No. 1, July 2015, pp 92-105.	https://www.ans.org/pubs/journals/nt/article-37113/
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2015	J. Daw, J. Rempe, J. Palmer, P. Ramuhalli, R. Montgomery, H-T. Chien, B. Tittmann, B. Reinhardt, and G. Kohse	"Ultrasonic Transducer Irradiation Test Results,"	9th International Conference on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control & Human–Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC & HMIT 2015), Charlotte, NC, February 2015.	http://www.inl.gov/technicalpublications/Documents/4235632.pdf
ShowResources	Patent	2015	Keith G. Condie, Joy L. Rempe, Darrell L. Knudson, Joshua E. Daw, S. Curtis Wilkins, Brandon S. Fox, and Heng Ban.	"Hot wire needle prove for thermal conductivity detection,"	Patent 9,182,364 - US patent filed by Battelle Energy Alliance (IDR # BA-459) on behalf of DOE (Serial Number 13/648,502),
ShowResources		2014	Todd Vollmer, Milos Manic, Senior Member	Cyber-Physical System Security With Deceptive Virtual Hosts for Industrial Control Networks		https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6750078&tag=1
ShowResources		2014	Wen-Chiao Lina, Kris R.E.Villez, Humberto E. Garcia	Experimental validation of a resilient monitoring and control system		https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959152414000869
ShowResources		2014	Craig Rieger	Resilient control systems Practical metrics basis for defining mission impact		https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6900108
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2014	T. Unruh, B. Chase, J. Rempe, D. Nigg, G. Imel, J. Harris, T. Sherman, J. Villard	"In-Core Flux Sensor Evaluations at the ATR Critical Facility,"	Nuclear Technology, Vol. 187, No. 3, September 2014, pp 308-315.	http://www.ans.org/pubs/journals/nt/a_36185
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2014	B. Reinhardt, B. Tittmann, J. Rempe, J. Daw, G. Kohse, D. Carpenter, M. Ames, Y. Ostrovsky, P. Ramulhalli, and H. Chien,	"Progress towards Developing Neutron Tolerant Magnetostrictive and Piezoelectric Transducers,"	41st Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, July 20-25, 2014, Boise Centre, Boise, Idaho.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/6385072.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2014	H. Garcia, W. Lin, S. Meerkov, M. Ravichandran	Resilient Monitoring Systems: Architecture, Design and Application to Boiler/Turbine Plant	IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, Vol. 44, No. 11, November 2014.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6810194
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2014	W. Lin, K. Villez, H. Garcia,	“Experimental validation of a resilient monitoring and control system,”	Journal of Process Control, Vol. 24, Issue 5, May 2014, pp. 621-639.	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959152414000869
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2014	W. Binder, C. Paredis, H. Garcia	“Hybrid Energy System Modeling in Modelica,”	10th International Modelica Conference, Sweden, March 2014.	https://edmvaultprd/edm14w/24965/6241183.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2014	W. Du, H. Garcia, C. Paredis,	“An Optimization Framework for Dynamic Hybrid Energy Systems,”	10th International Modelica Conference 2014, Sweden, March 2014.	https://edmvaultprd/edm14w/25001/6250198.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2014	W. Du, H. Garcia, W. Binder, C. Paredis,	“Value-Driven Design and Sensitivity Analysis of Hybrid Energy Systems Using Surrogate Modeling,”	3rd International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA 2014), October 2014.	https://edmvaultprd/edm15h/25873/6468099.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2013	J. Daw, J. Rempe, D. Knudson,	"Hot Wire Needle Probe for In - Reactor Thermal Conductivity Measurement,"	Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, 109 ; Part 1, p. 195, 2013.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6194259
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2013	J. Daw, J. Rempe, J. Palmer, P. Ramuhalli, R. Montgomery, H-T. Chien, B. Tittmann, B. Reinhardt, and G. Kohse,	"Irradiation Testing of Ultrasonic Transducers,"	2013 Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurements Methods (ANIMMA 2013), June 23-27, 2013, Marseilles, France.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6869029
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2013	J. Rempe and D. Knudson	"Instrumentation Performance during the TMI-2 Accident,"	2013 Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurements Methods (ANIMMA 2013), June 23-27, 2013 Marseilles, France.	https://edmvaultprd/edm13o/23122/5780325.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2013	M. Reichenberger, T. Unruh, P. Ugorowski,	"Micro-Pocket Fission Detectors (MPFD) For Fuel Assembly Analysis,"	International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management (ICEM 2013), Brussels, Belgium, September 8-12, 2013.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/5864438.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2013	W-C. Lin, H. Garcia,	“A diagnoser algorithm for anomaly detection in DEDS under partial and unreliable observations: characterization and inclusion in sensor configuration optimization,”	Discrete Event Dynamic Systems, Vol. 23, Issue 1, March 2013, pp. 61-91.	http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10626-011-0128-5
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2013	H. Garcia, W. Lin, S. Meerkov, M. Ravichandran,	Resilient Plant Monitoring System: Design, Analysis, and Performance Evaluation,”	2013 IEEE 52nd Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), Italy, December 2013.	https://edmvaultprd/edm14h/23649/5912112.pdf
ShowResources		2012	Craig G. Rieger, Quanyan Zhu,Tamer Basar 5th International Symposium on Resilient Control Systems	Agent-Based Cyber Control Strategy Design for Resilient Control Systems: Concepts, Architecture and Methodologies		https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sites/STI/STI/5517254.pdf#search=Resilience%23s%3D11
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2012	J. Rempe, M. Farmer, M. Corradini, L. Ott, R. Gauntt, and D. Powers,	"Revisiting Insights from Three Mile Island Unit 2 Post-Accident Examinations and Evaluations in View of the Fukushima Daiichi Accident,"	Nuclear Science and Engineering, 172, November 2012, pp 223-248.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6194259
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2012	B. Kim, J. Rempe, D. Knudson, K. Condie, and B. Sencer	"In-situ Creep Testing Capability for the Advanced Test Reactor,"	Nuclear Technology, 179, 3, September 2012, pp 413-428.	https://inlportal.inl.gov/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_1388_139826_0_0_18/Final%20NT-10-58.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2012	B. Geslot, T. Unruh, P. Filliatre, C. Jammes, J. Di Salvo, S. Bréaud, J-F. Villard,	"Method to Calibrate Fission Chambers in Campbelling Mode"	IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 59, No. 4, pp 1377-1381, August 2012.	https://icis.inl.gov/SiteAssets/SitePages/Publications_Papers/Method%20to%20Calibrate%20Fission%20Chambers%20in%20Campelling%20Mode.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2012	J. Rempe, D. Knudson, J. Daw, T. Unruh, B. Chase, and K. Davis	"Enhanced In-pile Instrumentation at the Advanced Test Reactor,"	invited paper for ANIMMA 2011 Special Edition, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science,59, Issue 4, Part:2, August 2012, pp 1214 -1223.	https://icis.inl.gov/SiteAssets/SitePages/Publications_Papers/Enhanced%20In-Pile%20Instrumentation%20at%20the%20ATR.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2012	J. Daw, J. Rempe, D. Knudson, and S. C. Wilkins,	"Hot Wire Needle Probe for In-Pile Thermal Conductivity Detection,"	IEEE Sensors Journal,12, Issue 8, August 2012, pp 2554-2560.	https://icis.inl.gov/SiteAssets/SitePages/Publications_Papers/Enhanced%20In-Pile%20Instrumentation%20at%20the%20ATR.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2012	J. Rempe, D. Knudson, J. Daw, T. Unruh, B. Chase, K. Davis, R. Schley, and S. Taylor,	"New Sensors for Irradiation Testing at Materials and Test Reactors,"	IAEA Technical Meeting on In-Pile Testing and Instrumentation for Development of Generation-IV Fuels and Materials, 21-24 August 2012, Halden, Norway.	https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:45026117
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2012	K. Davis, B. Chase, T. Unruh, D. Knudson, J. Rempe, H. Chichester, K. Sridharan	"Use of Silicon Carbide Monitors in ATR Irradiation Testing,	8th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC&HMIT 2012), San Diego, CA, July 22-26, 2012.	http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/1055955/
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2012	K. Davis, D. Knudson, J. Daw, J. Rempe and A. Palmer,	"Melt Wire Sensors Available to Determine Peak Temperatures in ATR Irradiation Testing,"	8th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC&HMIT 2012), San Diego, CA, July 22-26, 2012.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/5517248.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2012	J. Daw, J. Rempe, D. Knudson, T. Unruh, B. Chase, and K. Davis,	"Temperature Monitoring Options Available at the Idaho National Laboratory Advanced Test Reactor,"	Proceedings of the 9th International Temperature Symposium, Anaheim, CA, March 2012.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/5517248.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2012	Crawford, A. L.,	“Force Control and Nonlinear Master-Slave Force Profile to Manage an Admittance Type Multi-Fingered Haptic User Interface,"	Proceedings of ISRCS 2012, Salt Lake City, UT, August, 2012.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/5517248.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2012	Crawford, A. L.,	“Nonlinear Force Profile Used to Increase the Performance of a Haptic User Interface for Teleoperating a Robotic Hand,"	Proceedings of NPIC & HMIT, San Diego, CA, 2012.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/5517248.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2012	A. Bakel, S. Bryan, K. Budlong-Sylvester, T. Burr, J. Damico, S. Demuth, M. Ehinger, H. Garcia, J. Howell, S. Johnson, J. Krebs, K. Myers, C. Orton, M. Thomas,	“Roles for Process Monitoring in Nuclear Safeguards at Aqueous Reprocessing Plants,”	Journal of Nuclear Materials Management, Vol. 40, Issue 2, January 2012.	https://www.inmm.org/source/JNMM_Archive_Search/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.searchResults
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2012	H. Garcia, W-C. Lin, S. Meerkov,	“A Resilient Condition Assessment Monitoring System,” 5th International Symposium on Resilient Control Systems,	Salt Lake City, UT, August 2012.	https://edmvaultprd/edm12l/22236/5558897.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2012	H. Garcia, W-C. Lin, R. Carlson,	“Evaluating Safeguards Benefits of Process Monitoring as compared with Nuclear Material Accountancy,”	INMM 53 Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL, July 2012.	https://edmvaultprd/edm14w/25003/6250678.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2011	B. Kim, J. Rempe, J-F Villard, and S. Solstad,	"Review of Instrumentation for Irradiation Testing of Fuels and Materials,"	invited review paper, Nuclear Technology, 176, November 2011, pp 155-187.	http://www.new.ans.org/pubs/journals/nt/a_13294
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2011	B. Kim, J. Rempe, D. Knudson, K. Condie, and B. Sencer,	"An In-situ Creep Testing Capability for the Advanced Test Reactor,"	submitted to Nuclear Technology, MS 10-58, accepted October 24, 2011.	http://www.new.ans.org/pubs/journals/nt/a_13294
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2011	J. Rempe, D. Knudson, K. Condie, J. Daw, and S. Wilkins,	"New Sensors for In-Pile Temperature Measurement at the Advanced Test Reactor National Scientific User Facility,"	invited paper, NURETH13 Special Edition, Nuclear Technology, 175, September 2011.	http://www.new.ans.org/pubs/journals/nt/a_13294
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2011	J. Rempe, M. Meyer, D. Knudson, K. Condie, J. Daw, and S. Wilkins,	"ATR NSUF Instrumentation Enhancement Efforts",	invited paper, NPIC HMIT Special Edition, Nuclear Technology, 173, pp 66-77, January 2011.	http://www.inl.gov/technicalpublications/Documents/4235632.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2011	J. Rempe, D. Knudson, J. Daw, T. Unruh, B. Chase, K. Condie, J. Palmer, and K. Davis,	"Enhanced In-pile Instrumentation at the Advanced Test Reactor,"	Second International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA2011), Ghent, Belgium, June 2011.	https://edmvaultprd/edm11j/20104/5025970.pdf
ShowResources	Patent	2011	Joy L. Rempe, Darrell L. Knudson, Joshua E. Daw, Keith G. Condie, and Carl M. Stoots.	"High Temperature In-Pile Elongation Measurements,"	Patent 8,065,810 -US patent filed by Battelle Energy Alliance (IDR #BA-311) on behalf of DOE (Serial Number 12/419,916),
ShowResources	Patent	2011	Joy L. Rempe, Darrell L. Knudson, Keith G. Condie, and S. C. Wilkins.	"High Temperature Thermocouple Design and Fabrication,"	Patent 7,871,198 -US patent filed by Battelle Energy Alliance (IDR #BA-142) on behalf of DOE (Serial Number 11/678,901),
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2011	K. Villez, V. Venkatasubramanian, H. Garcia,	“Supervisory control of a pilot-scale cooling loop,”	4th International Symposium on Resilient Control Systems, Boise, ID, August 2011.	https://edmvaultprd/edm11m/20578/5144317.pdf
ShowResources		2010	Craig G. Rieger	Notional Examples and Benchmark Aspects of a Resilient Control System		https://edmvaultprd/edm11m/20630/5157394.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2010	B. Fox, H. Ban, J. Rempe, J. Daw, K. Condie, and D. Knudson	“In-Pile Thermal Conductivity Measurement Method for Nuclear Fuels,		http://www.inl.gov/technicalpublications/Documents/4363844.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2010	J. L. Rempe, D. L. Knudson, K. G. Condie, J. E. Daw, H. Ban, B. S. Fox, and G. E. Kohse,	New Sensors for the Advanced Test Reactor National Scientific User Facility	Invited paper for ANIMMA Special Edition, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 57, No.5, pp 2653-2661, October 2010.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=5603487&tag=1
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2010	M. Laurie, D. Magallon, J. Rempe, S. Wilkins, J. Pierre, C. Marquié, S. Eymery, and R. Morice	“Ultrasonic High Temperature Sensors: Past Experiments and Prospective for Future Use,”	International Journal of Thermophysics, 31 (8-9): 1417-1427 Special Issue, September 2010.	http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10765-010-0791-z?LI=true#
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2010	J. E. Daw, J. L. Rempe, and D. L. Knudson	“High-temperature Thermal Properties of Structural Materials Used in Light Water Reactor Vessels,”	ournal of Nuclear Materials, 401, p 65-70, June 2010.	http://www.inl.gov/technicalpublications/Documents/4010748.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2010	J. L. Rempe, K. G. Condie, D. L. Knudson, and L. L. Snead	“Comparison Measurements of Silicon Carbide Temperature Monitors,”	IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 57, No. 3, June 2010.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=5485145&tag=1
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2010	J. Daw, J. Rempe, and S. Curtis Wilkins,	“Ultrasonic Thermometry for In-Pile Temperature Detection,”	7th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC&HMIT 2010), Las Vegas, NV, November 7-11, 2010.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/4731758.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2010	D. Knudson and J. Rempe,	“Recommendations for use of LVDTs in ATR High Temperature Irradiation Testing,”	7th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC&HMIT 2010), Las Vegas, NV, November 7-11, 2010.
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2010	J. Daw, J. Rempe, K. Condie, D. Knudson, S. C. Wilkins, B. Fox, and H. Ban,	“Hot Wire Needle Probe for In-Pile Thermal Conductivity Detection,”	7th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC&HMIT 2010), Las Vegas, NV, November 7-11, 2010.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/4731766.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2010	Bong Goo Kim, Joy L. Rempe, Darrell L. Knudson, Keith G. Condie , and Bulent H. Sencer,	“Development of an In-situ Creep Testing Capability for the Advanced Test Reactor,”	7th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC&HMIT 2010), Las Vegas, NV, November 7-11, 2010.
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2010	T. Unruh, J. Rempe, D. Nigg, P. Hart, G. Imel, J. Harris, and E. Bonebrake,	"Flux Sensor Evaluations at the ATR Critical Facility,"	7th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC&HMIT 2010), Las Vegas, NV, November 7-11, 2010.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/4781556.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2010	M. Laurie, D. Magallon, J. Rempe, S. Wilkins, J. Pierre, C. Marquié , S. Eymery , and R. Morice,	“Ultrasonic High Temperature Sensors: Past Experiments and Prospective for Future Use,”	Joint International Symposium on Temperature, Humidity, and Moisture and Thermal Measurements in Industry and Science, Portorož, Slovenia, May 31 - June 4, 2010.	http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10765-010-0791-z
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2010	T. Bjornard, H. Garcia, W. Desmond, S. Demuth,	“Safeguarding and Protecting the Nuclear Fuel Cycle,”	Nuclear News, Vol. 53, November 2010, pp. 76-80.
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2010	H.E. Garcia, W. Lin, T. Yoo,	“Process Monitoring for Safeguards via Event Generation, Integration, and Interpretation,”	INMM 51st Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD, July 2010.	https://edmvaultprd/edm12a/20806/5201310.pdf
ShowResources		2009	Stuart Walsh, Shane Cherry, Lyle Roybal	Critical Infrastructure Modeling: An Approach to Characterizing Interdependencies of Complex Networks & Control Systems		https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sites/STI/STI/4374044.pdf#search=Critical%20infrastructure%23s%3D11
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2009	J. L. Rempe, D. L. Knudson, K. G. Condie, S. C. Wilkins, J. C. Crepeau, and J. E. Daw	“Options Extending the Applicability of High Temperature Irradiation Resistant Thermocouples,”	invited paper for NURETH12 Special Edition, Nuclear Technology. MS 08005, accepted May 2008, to be published July 2009.	http://www.ans.org/pubs/journals/nt/a_8860
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2009	J. L. Rempe, D. L. Knudson, K. G. Condie, S. C. Wilkins, J. C. Crepeau, and J. E. Daw	“Options Extending the Applicability of High Temperature Irradiation Resistant Thermocouples,”	invited paper for NURETH12 Special Edition, Nuclear Technology, 167, July 2009, pp 169-177.
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2009	J. Rempe, D. Knudson, K. Condie, J. Daw, and S. C. Wilkins,	“New Sensors for In-Pile Temperature Detection at the ATR NSUF,”	Proceedings of the 13th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-Hydraulics (NURETH13), Kanazawa, Japan, October 2009.	https://icis.inl.gov/SiteAssets/SitePages/Publications_Papers/New%20Sensors%20for%20In-Pile%20Temperature%20Detection%20at%20the%20Advanced%20Test%20Reactor%20National%20Scientific%20User%20Facility.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2009	J. Rempe, et. al.,	"Instrumentation Enhancements for the Advanced Test Reactor National Scientific User Facility,"	invited paper for NPIC HMIT Special Edition, Nuclear Technology, MS# 09052, accepted September 2009.
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2009	B. Fox, H. Ban, J. Rempe, J. Daw, K. Condie, D. Knudson,	"In-Pile Thermal Conductivity Measurement Method for Nuclear Fuels,"	30th International Thermal Conductivity Conference and 18th International Thermal Expansion Symposium, Pittsburgh, PA, August 29 - September 2, 2009	https://icis.inl.gov/SiteAssets/SitePages/Publications_Papers/In-Pile%20Thermal%20Conductivity%20Measurement%20Method%20for%20Nuclear%20Fuels.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2009	J.L. Rempe, D.L. Knudson, K.G. Condie, S.C. Wilkins, J.C. Crepeau, J.E. Daw,	"Options Extending the Applicability of High Temperature Irradiation Resistant Thermocouples,"	invited paper for NURETH12 Special Edition, Nuclear Technology, 167, July 2009, pp. 169-177.	https://icis.inl.gov/SiteAssets/SitePages/Publications_Papers/OPTIONS%20EXTENDING%20THE%20APPLICABILITY%20OF%20HIGH-TEMPERATURE%20IRRADIATION-RESISTANT%20THERMOCOUPLES.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2009	J.L. Rempe, D.L. Knudson, K.G. Condie, J.E. Day, H. Ban, B. Fox, G.E. Kohse,	"New Sensors for the Advanced Test Reactor National Scientific User Facility,"	invited paper, submitted to the IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, June 2009.	https://icis.inl.gov/SiteAssets/SitePages/Publications_Papers/New%20Sensors%20for%20In-Pile%20Temperature%20Detection%20at%20the%20Advanced%20Test%20Reactor%20National%20Scientific%20User%20Facility.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2009	J. Rempe, D. Knudson, K. Condie, J. Daw, H. Ban, B. Fox, G.E. Kohse, S.C. Wilkins,	“New Sensors for In-Pile Testing at the ATR NSUF,”	Proceedings of the First International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA), Marseille, France, June 2009.	https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:42101532
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2009	J. Rempe and M. Meyer,	“ATR NSUF Instrumentation Enhancement Efforts,”	Proceedings of the ANS NPIC HMIT 2009 Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Controls, and Human Machine Interface Technology, Knoxville, TN, April 2009.	https://icis.inl.gov/SiteAssets/SitePages/Publications_Papers/ATR%20NSUF%20INSTRUMENTATION%20ENHANCEMENT%20EFFORTS.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2009	J. E. Daw, J. L. Rempe, D. L. Knudson, S. C. Wilkins, and J. C. Crepeau,	“High Temperature Irradiation-Resistant Thermocouple Performance Improvements,”	Proceedings of the ANS NPIC HMIT 2009 Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Controls, and Human Machine Interface Technology, Knoxville, TN, April 2009.	https://icis.inl.gov/SiteAssets/SitePages/Publications_Papers/HIGH%20TEMPERATURE%20IRRADIATION-RESISTANT%20THERMOCOUPLE%20PERFORMANCE%20IMPROVEMENTS.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2009	D.L. Knudson and J.L. Rempe,	“LVDT Evaluations for ATR Irradiations,”	Proceedings of the ANS NPIC HMIT 2009 Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Controls, and Human Machine Interface Technology, Knoxville, TN, April 2009.	https://icis.inl.gov/SiteAssets/SitePages/Publications_Papers/EVALUATION%20OF%20LVDTS%20FOR%20USE%20IN%20ATR%20IRRADIATION%20EXPERIMENTS.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2009	B. Fox, H. Ban, J. Rempe, D. Knudson, and J. Daw,	“Development of an In-pile Technique for Fuel Thermal Conductivity Measurement,”	Proceedings of the ANS NPIC HMIT 2009 Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Controls, and Human Machine Interface Technology, Knoxville, TN, April 2009.
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2009	W. Lin, H.E. Garcia, D. Thorsley, T. Yoo,	“Sequential Window Diagnosers for Discrete Event Systems under Unreliable Observations,”	2009 American Control Conference, San Louis, MO.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/defdeny.jsp?url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp%3D%26arnumber%3D5394922%26userType%3Dinst&denyReason=-134&arnumber=5394922&productsMatched=null&userType=inst
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2008	J. E. Daw, J. L. Rempe, D. Knudson, S. C. Wilkins, and J. C. Crepeau,	“Extension Wire for High Temperature Irradiation Resistant Thermocouples,”	Measurement Science and Technology, 19, February 2008 (045206).	http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/0957-0233/19/4/045206/mst8_4_045206.pdf?request-id=f4e2793a-977e-4094-9920-b92fbff06649
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2008	J. E. Daw, J. C. Crepeau, J. L. Rempe, S. C. Wilkins, D. Knudson, and K. G. Condie	“Initial Results from Investigations to Enhance the Performance of High Temperature Irradiation-Resistant Thermocouples,”	Journal of the Japanese Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) Journal of Power and Energy Systems, invited paper, 15th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE15) Special Edition , 2, No. 2, 2008, pp 854-863.	http://www.inl.gov/technicalpublications/Documents/3674599.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2008	J. L. Rempe, K. Y. Suh, F. B. Cheung, and S. B. Kim,	“In-Vessel Retention of Molten Corium – Lessons Learned and Outstanding Issues,”	invited review paper, Nuclear Technology, 161, March 2008, pp 210-267.	http://www.ans.org/pubs/journals/nt/va-161-3-210-267
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2008	J. L. Rempe, D. L. Knudson, J. E. Daw, and S. C. Wilkins	“Type C Thermocouple Performance at 1500 °C,”	”Measurement Science and Technology, 19, September 2008 (115201).	http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/0957-0233/19/11/115201/mst8_11_115201.pdf?request-id=6bac85c4-3c4a-4f11-84a3-b33b10dac1ee
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2008	J. E. Daw, J. L. Rempe, D. L. Knudson, and J. C. Crepeau	“Thermal Expansion Coefficient of Steels Used in LWR Vessels,”		http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022311508001700
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2008	J. L. Rempe and D. L. Knudson	“High Temperature Thermal Properties for Metals used in LWR Vessels,”	Journal of Nuclear Materials, 372, January 2008, pp 350-357	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002231150700668X
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2008	D.L. Knudson, J.L. Rempe, K.G. Condie, S.C. Wilkins, J.E. Daw, and J.C. Crepeau,	“High Temperature Irradiation Resistant Thermocouples – A Low Cost Sensor for In-Pile Testing at High Temperatures,”	Paper 8222, Proceeding of the 2008 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP ’08), Anaheim, CA, June 8-12, 2008.
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2008	J. L. Rempe, D. L. Knudson, J. E. Daw, and J. C. Crepeau,	"High Temperature Thermal and Structural Material Properties for Metals used in LWR Vessels,”	Paper 8220, Proceeding of the 2008 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP ’08), Anaheim, CA, June 8-12, 2008.	http://www.inl.gov/technicalpublications/Documents/4010748.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2008	T. Yoo, H.E. Garcia,	“Event counting of partially-observed discrete-event systems with uniformly and nonuniformly bounded diagnosis delays,”	Journal of Discrete Event Dynamic Systems, ISSN: 0924-6703, 2008.	http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10626-008-0056-1#
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2008	T. Yoo, H.E. Garcia,	“Diagnosis of behaviors of interest in partially-observed discrete-event systems,”	Journal of Systems & Control Letters, Vol. 57, Issue 12, 2008, pp. 1023-1029.	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167691108001084
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2008	T. Yoo, H.E. Garcia,	“Stochastic event counter for discrete-event systems under unreliable observations,”	2008 American Control Conference, June 2008, Seattle, WA, pp. 1145-1152.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=4586647&abstractAccess=no&userType=inst
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2008	D. Thorsley, T. Yoo, H.E. Garcia,	“Diagnosability of Stochastic Discrete Event Systems Under Unreliable Observations,”	2008 American Control Conference, June 2008, Seattle, WA, pp. 1158-1165.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=4586649&abstractAccess=no&userType=inst
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2007	J.L. Rempe, D.L. Knudson, K.G. Condie, S.C. Wilkins, J.C. Crepeau, and J.E. Daw,	“Options to Increase the Applicability of High Temperature Irradiation Resistant Thermocouples,”	Paper 218, Proceedings of the 12th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-Hydraulics (NURETH12), Pittsburgh, PA, September 30-October 4, 2007.	http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/920399
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2007	J.L. Rempe, D.L. Knudson, K.G. Condie, and S.C. Wilkins, “	“Long Duration Performance of High Temperature Irradiation Resistant Thermocouples,"	Proceedings of the 2007 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP’07), Nice, France, May 13-18, 2007.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/3693710.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2007	J.E. Daw, J.C. Crepeau, J.L. Rempe, S.C. Wilkins, D.L. Knudson, and K.G. Condie,	“Initial Results from Investigations to Enhance the Performance of High Temperature Irradiation-Resistant Thermocouples,”	15th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE15) , Paper ICONE15-10842, Nagoya, Japan, April 2007.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/3674599.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2006	J. L. Rempe, D. L. Knudson, K. G. Condie, and S. C. Wilkins,	“Thermocouples for High-Temperature In-Pile Testing,”	Nuclear Technology, 156, No. 3, December 2006, pp 320-331.	http://www.ans.org/pubs/journals/nt/va-156-3-320-331
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2006	J. L. Rempe, D. L. Knudson, K. G. Condie, and S. C. Wilkins,	“Evaluation of Specialized Thermocouples for High-Temperature In-Pile Testing,”	Proceedings of the 2006 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP’06), Reno, NV, June 4-8, 2006.	https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:39009010
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2005	J. Rempe, K. Y. Suh, F. B. Cheung, and S. B. Kim,	“An Enhanced In-Vessel Core Catcher for Improving In-Vessel Retention Margins,”	invited paper, Nuclear Technology ( NURETH10 Special Edition), 152, No. 2, November 2005, 170-182.	http://www.ans.org/pubs/journals/nt/va-152-2-170-182
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2005	J. Rempe, K. Y. Suh, F.B. Cheung, and S.-B. Kim,	“Insights from Investigations of In-Vessel Retention for High Power Reactors,”	Paper 142, Proceedings of the 11th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-Hydraulics (NURETH-11), Popes Palace Conference Center, Avignon, France, October 2-6, 2005.	https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:36055628
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2005	J. Rempe and S. C. Wilkins,	“High Temperature Thermocouples for In-Pile Applications,”	Paper 143, Proceedings of the 11th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-Hydraulics (NURETH-11), Popes Palace Conference Center, Avignon, France, October 2-6, 2005.	https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:39008975
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2005	J. L. Rempe, D. L. Knudson, K. G. Condie, F. B. Cheung, K. Y. Suh, and S. B. Kim,	“Increased Margin Associated with Options to Enhance In-Vessel Retention,”	2005 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP’05), Seoul, Korea, May 15-19, 2005.
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2005	H.E. Garcia, T. Yoo. 2005.	“Model-based detection of routing events in discrete flow networks,”	Automatica, Vol. 41, Issue 4, pp. 583-594.	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005109804002808
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2005	H.E. Garcia, T. Yoo,	“Anomaly Detection via Optimal Symbolic Observation of Physical Processes,”	IAEA Int. Conference on Online Condition Monitoring, Knoxville, TN, 2005.	http://www.researchgate.net/publication/249661957_Anomaly_Detection_via_Optimal_Symbolic_Observation_of_Physical_Processes
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2005	T. Yoo, H.E. Garcia	“New results on discrete-event counting under reliable and unreliable observation information,”	Proceedings of 2005 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC 2005), Tucson, AZ, 2005.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=1461273&abstractAccess=no&userType=inst
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2004	J. Rempe, D. Knudson, K. Condie, K. Y. Suh, F. B. Cheung, and S. B. Kim,	“Conceptual Design of an In-vessel Core Catcher,”	invited paper, Nuclear Engineering and Design (ICONE11 Special Edition), 230, 2004, 311-325.	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0029549303004011
ShowResources	Journal Publication	2004	D. Knudson, J. Rempe, et al.	“Late-phase Melt Conditions affecting the Potential for In-Vessel Retention in High Power Reactors,”	invited paper, Nuclear Engineering and Design (ICONE11 Special Edition), 230, 2004, 133-150	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0029549303003893
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2004	J. Rempe, et al.,	“In-Vessel Retention – Recent Efforts and Future Needs,”	Sixth International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, Operations and Safety (NUTHOS6), Nara, JAPAN, October 4-8, 2004.	https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:36093820
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2004	K. Condie, J. Rempe, D. Knudson, K. Y. Suh, F-B. Cheung, and S-B. Kim,	“Design and Evaluation of an Enhanced In-Vessel Core Catcher,”	Proceedings 2004 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP ''04), Pittsburgh, PA, USA, June 13-17, 2004.	https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/sti/3169763.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2004	J. Rempe, et al.,	“Materials Interaction Tests to Identify Base and Coating Materials for an Enhanced In-Vessel Core Catcher Design,”	Twelfth International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE12), Washington, DC, April 2004.	https://icis.inl.gov/SiteAssets/SitePages/Publications_Papers/Materials%20Interaction%20Tests%20to%20Identify%20Base%20and%20Coating%20Materials%20for%20an%20Enhanced%20In-Vessel%20Core%20Catcher%20Design,.pdf
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2004	H.E. Garcia, T. Yoo	“Option : a software package to design and implement optimized safeguards sensor configurations,”	45th INMM Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL, 2004.	http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/925164
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2004	H.E. Garcia, T. Yoo,	“A methodology for detecting routing events in discrete flow networks,”	2004 American Control Conference, Boston, MA.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/defdeny.jsp?url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp%3D%26arnumber%3D1384757%26userType%3Dinst&denyReason=-134&arnumber=1384757&productsMatched=null&userType=inst
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2004	T. Yoo, H.E. Garcia,	“Event Diagnosis of Discrete-Event Systems with Uniformly and Nonuniformly Bounded Diagnosis Delays,”	2004 American Control Conference, Boston, MA.	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/defdeny.jsp?url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp%3D%26arnumber%3D1384660%26userType%3Dinst&denyReason=-134&arnumber=1384660&productsMatched=null&userType=inst
ShowResources	Peer Reviewed Conference Paper	2003	J. L. Rempe, et al.,	“Development of an Enhanced In-Vessel Core Catcher for Improving In-Vessel Retention Margins,”	Tenth International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-10), Seoul, Korea, October 2003	http://www.ans.org/pubs/journals/nt/a_3668
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2003	H.E. Garcia, R. Vilim,	“Integrating Physical Modeling, Neural Computing, and Statistical Analysis for Online Process Monitoring,”	Nuclear Technology, Vol. 141, No. 2, 2003.	http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc719791/
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2003	S. Jiang, R. Kumar, H.E. Garcia,	“Optimal Sensor Selection for Discrete Event Systems with Partial Observation,”	IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, Vol. 48, No. 3, 2003.	http://home.eng.iastate.edu/~rkumar/PUBS/sensor.pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2003	S. Jiang, R. Kumar, H.E. Garcia,	“Diagnosis of Repeated/Intermittent Failures in Discrete Event Systems,”	IEEE Transactions on Robotics & Automation, Vol. 19, No. 2, 2003.	http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.519.5540&rep=rep1&type=pdf
ShowResources	Journal Publications	2002	H.E. Garcia,	“Proliferation Resistance of Advanced Sustainable Nuclear Fuel Cycles,”	Nuclear Plant Journal, Vol. 20, No. 1, 2002.	http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/7003579/proliferation-resistance-advanced-sustainable-nuclear-fuel-cycles
ShowResources	Patent	2002		“Statistically Qualified Neuro-Analytic Failure Detection Method and System,”	U.S. Patent #6,353,815, 2002.	http://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?Docid=06353815&homeurl=http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1%3DPTO2%2526Sect2%3DHITOFF%2526u%3D%25252Fnetahtml%25252FPTO%25252Fsearch-adv.htm%2526r%3D55%2526p%3D2%2526f%3DG%2526l%3D50%2526d%3DPTXT%2526S1%3D6%2c353%2c815%2526OS%3D6%2c353%2c815%2526RS%3D6%2c353%2c815&PageNum=&Rtype=&SectionNum=&idkey=NONE&Input=View+first+page

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a resilient control system

What are critical infrastructures (CIs)?

Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience (CISR) includes the assets or infrastructures relevant to everyday life―from the power in our homes, the means of transportation we take to and from work, to the food and water we depend on daily. Security and resilience refers to the goals of making CIs secure and able to recover upon failures of various natures.

Why are critical infrastructures (CIs) important?

CIs are our nation’s backbone. They refer to both physical and cyber systems vital to our nation’s physical or economical security, health, and safety. CIs carry different meaning to different people. Security and resilience of CIs advances a national policy to strengthen and maintain secure, functioning, and resilient CIs.

What are some examples of critical infrastructures (CIs)?

The Presidential Policy Directive (PPD-21) and the United States (U.S.) Department of Homeland Security define CIs and what security and resilience of CIs means. PPD-21 identifies 16 CI sectors (e.g., food and agriculture, healthcare, dams, energy, financial services, government facilities, and communications). These infrastructures entail assets, systems, and networks (physical or virtual), vital to the United States and on which the nation depends.

What is security and resilience?

The Cyber Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) defines security as reducing the risk of natural or manmade disasters to CIs. This includes both physical and cyber threats. Physical measures, such as fencing, guarding, and cyber measures such as intrusion detection systems and antivirus software measures are used to provide protections to cyber-physical threats. Resilience measures could be anything from backup power generators, business continuity plans, to software tools for anomaly detection and recovery.